![]() These form Inner and Outer Dynein Arms (IDAs and ODAs) (Fig. In motile cilia, major cargoes of IFT are the specialised axonemal dynein motor complexes that power ciliary movement. Most cargoes appear to be transported to the growing ciliary tip before being released for incorporation into the ciliary structure 4, although some cargoes may be released during anterograde transport itself. Anterograde movement of IFT trains from the base to the tip of the flagellum/cilium is powered by kinesin-2 motors interacting with IFT-B proteins and retrograde movement from the tip to the base by IFT dynein-2 motors with IFT-A proteins. ![]() In general, at the basal body/transition zone the majority of ciliary proteins are loaded as cargoes onto ‘trains’ for transport along the axonemal microtubules by a dedicated process called intraflagellar transport (IFT) 1– 3. Ciliogenesis proceeds by growth at the tip of the cilium. Interestingly, the subunit composition of the ODA-DC in chordotonal neuron cilia appears to be different from the predicted ODA-DC in Drosophila sperm.Ĭilia are compartmentalised organelles, and their growth (ciliogenesis) requires mechanisms for transport of cilium-resident proteins and protein complexes into the cilium and their incorporation into the ciliary membrane or onto the microtubular axoneme. ![]() For ODA, we characterise an ODA docking complex (ODA-DC) that is targeted directly to the proximal zone. Stable localisation depends on the targeting of their docking proteins in the proximal zone. Differences in transient distal localisation of outer and inner dynein arm complexes (ODAs and IDAs) are consistent with previous suggestions from unicellular eukaryotes of differences in processivity during intraflagellar transport. Dynein motor complexes are initially not confined to their target proximal zone, but ectopic complexes beyond the proximal zone are later cleared, perhaps by retrograde transport. Differences in timing of TRP channel localisation correlate with order of construction of the two ciliary zones. We investigate the localisation of TRP channels and dynein motor complexes during ciliogenesis. ![]() The activity of the dynein complexes is essential for mechanotransduction. The cilium has a 9 + 0 axoneme structure and is highly sub-compartmentalised, with proximal and distal zones harbouring different TRP channels and the proximal zone axoneme also being decorated with axonemal dynein motor complexes. The Drosophila chordotonal neuron cilium is the site of mechanosensory transduction. ![]()
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